B.Sc. (Hons) Biochemistry Syllabus

Semester V

  • COURSE CODE
    COURSE NAME
    CREDITS
  • JBBC-501

    Bioenergetics & Metabolisms of Carbohydrates & Lipids:

    UNIT-I

    Principles of chemical thermodynamics: Free energy,enthalpy and entropy. Equilibrium steady ribution and role in cellular metabolism, ATP cycle. Energy charge of the cell, phosphorylation potential.

    UNIT-II

    Introduction Intermediary metabolism: Anabolism and Catabolism. Glucose: central role in metabolism of plants, Animals and microorganism. Glycolysis, reactions of glycolysis . Fermentation: anaerobic fate of pyruvate, control of metabolic flux. Regulation of glycolytic pathway. TCAcycle: Overveiw of TCA, Metabolic sources of Acetyl-CoenzymeA. Amphibolic nature, anaplerotic reactions. TCA Cycle inhibitors. Regulation, pyruvate dehydrogenase complex enzyme. Gluconeogenesis and its Regulation, Pentose phosphate Pathway, Calvin Cycle, photorespiration, Glycogen metabolism, Synthesis and breakdown, glycogen synthetase and Glycogen Storage diseases.

    UNIT-III

    Lipid Metabolism: Lipid digestion, absorption and transport. Fatty acids Oxidation, oxidation of saturated, unsaturated fattys in mitochondria, transport of fatty acids to mitochondria. β Oxidation. Peroxisomal and glyoxisomal pathways of Fatty acids oxidations. Biosynthesis of lipids, fatty acid synthesis in plants and animals and its regulation, Biosynthesis of triacylglycerols, Phospholipids, Glycolipids and sphingolipids.

    Books:

    • 1. Nelson, D.L. and Cox, M.M., Ehninger Principles of Biochemistry, W.H. Freeman and company, N.Y. USA.
    • 2. Garret, R.H. and Grisham, C.M., Biochemistry, Thomson Learning INC.
    • 3. Voet, D and Voet, J.G., Biochemistry, John Wiley and Sons, N.Y. USA.
    04
  • JBBC-502

    Immunology:

    UNIT-I

    Introduction: Historical Perspective; early studies on humoral and cellular immunity

    UNIT-II

    Cells and organs of the immune system: cells of the immune system; hematopoiesis; HSC; hematopoietins and the role of stromal cells in bloodcellformation; key characteristics, distribution and function(s) of lymphoid and myeloidcells; CD nomenclature; structure and function of primary and secondary lymphoid tissues and organs; lymphatic circulation.

    UNIT-III

    Innate immunity: Nonimmunological barriers; cells and soluble mediators of innate immunity; pattern recognition receptors (PRR)soluble and cell surface andpathogen associated molecular patterns (PAMPS); induced innate response and acutephase proteins; acute inflammatory response; role of cell adhesion molecules,cytokines and chemokines in recruiting cells.Complement system, biological consequences of activation and complement regulatory proteins.

    UNIT-IV

    Adaptive immunity: salient features; clonal selection theory; collaboration between adaptive and innate immunity.

    UNIT-V

    Antibody structure: structure of IgG, IgM, IgA, IgD & IgE; structure of the B-cell receptor (BCR) and co-receptor; immunoglobulin (Ig) fold and Ig super family; isotype, allotype and idiotype; characteristics of B-cell epitopes; epitope- paratope interactions; distribution and effector functions of Ig and cells expressing Fc- receptors. T-cell development; structure of Tcell receptor (TCR) αβ and γδ and coreceptors; positive and negative selection in the thymus; other mechanisms of tolerance induction; MHC restriction; MHC locus; structure, function and distribution of MHC glycoproteins.

    Books:

    • 1. Kindt, T.J., Goldsby, R.A. and Osborne, B.A. (2007). Kuby Immunology, W.H. Freeman and Co, New York.
    • 2. Murphy, K., Travers, P. and Walport, M. (2008). Janeway's Immunobiology,
    • 3. Garland Science, Taylor and Francis Group, LLC.
    04
  • JBBC-503

    Molecular Physiology:

    UNIT-I

    The body fluid compartments: Intracellular, extracellular and interstitial fluid. plasma asan extracellular fluid;plasma composition; plasma proteins; Blood Cellular components; RBC; Hemostasis and molecular mechanism of Blood coagulation; Role of Vitamin K in coagulation; Anti coagulant and fibrinolytic systems. Anemias, Polycythemia, Haemophilia and Thrombosis.

    UNIT-II

    The cardio vascular system: Anatomy of heart; Physiology of the cardiac muscle; automacity of the cardiac muscle; Excitation contraction coupling; relationshipbetween cardiac cycle, heart sound ventricular volumes and the ECG; Control ofcardiac function and output.Physics of blood pressure, flow and resistance; the arterialsystem; the venous system; the microcirculation and mechanics of capillary fluidexchange; Control of blood flow to thetissues; Portal circulations.Arterial pressure and its regulation Hypertension,Congestive heart disease, atherosclerosis and Myocardial infarction.

    UNIT-III

    Renal physiology: Anatomy of the kidney and the nephron; Regulation of renal blood flow; Cell biology of the Bowmans capsule; physiology of glomerularfiltration; GFR ; Tubular processing of the glomerular filtrate; Renal clearance; Assessment of kidney function. Regulation of urine volume and pH.Regulation ofECF electrolyte and water content, blood volume and long term blood pressure. Micturition reflex and voluntary control of micturition. Glomerular nephritis, renal failure, definition and use of dialysis and diuretics.

    UNIT-IV

    Respiration: Organization of the pulmonary system; Mechanism of respiration; Pulmonary ventilation and related volumes; Pulmonary circulation. Principles of Gasexchange and transport; Regulation of respiration; Pulmonary edema and regulationof pleural fluid. Blood buffer systems, renal and pulmonary control of blood pH; Acidosis and Alkalosis. Hypoxia, hypercapnea, pulmonary distress, emphesema.

    UNIT-V

    Reproductive physiology: Sex determination; development of female and Male genital tracts; Spermatogenisis; capacitation of sperm; testis blood barrier; Physiology of female reproductive of placenta; the feto placental unit.

    Books:

    • 1. Widmaler, E.P, Raff.H, Strang, K.T. Vander's Human Physiology 11th edition, McGraw Hill International Publications.
    • 2. Fox, S.I. Human Physiology 7th edition, McGraw Hill Publications.
    04
  • JBBC-551

    Bioenergetics & Metabolisms of Carbohydrates & Lipids Practical:

    Based on theory paper of Bioenergetics & Metabolisms of Carbohydrates & Lipids.
    02
  • JBBC-552

    Immunology Practical:

    Based on theory paper of Immunology.
    02
  • JBBC-553

    Molecular Physiology Practical:

    Based on theory paper of Molecular Physiology.
    02
  • Total Credits
     
    18