B.Sc. (Hons) Physics Syllabus

Semester V

  • COURSE CODE
    COURSE NAME
    CREDITS
  • JBPH-501

    Mathematical Physics:

    UNIT-I

    Vector Calculus Vector Differentiation: Scalar and Vector Fields. Ordinary and Partial Derivative of a Vector w.r.t. Coordinates. Space Curves. Unit Tangent Vector and Unit Normal Vector (without Frenet - Serret Formulae). Directional Derivatives and Normal Derivative. Gradient of a Scalar Field and its Geometrical Interpretation. Divergence and Curl of a Vector Field. Del and Laplacian Operators. Vector Identities. Vector Integration: Ordinary Integral of Vectors. Line, Surface and Volume Integrals. Flux of a Vector Field. Gauss' Divergence Theorem, Green's Theorem and Stokes Theorem.

    UNIT-II

    Orthogonal Curvilinear Coordinates: Orthogonal Curvilinear Coordinates. Derivation of Gradient, Divergence, Curl and Laplacian in Cartesian, Spherical and Cylindrical Coordinate Systems. Multiple Integrals: Double and Triple Integrals: Change of Order of Integration. Change of Variables and Jacobian. Applications of Multiple Integrals: (1) Area Enclosed by Plane Curves, (2) Area of a Curved Surface, (3) Volumes of Solids .

    UNIT-III

    Some Special Integrals: Beta and Gamma Functions and Relation between them. Expression of Integrals in terms of Gamma Functions. Error Function (Probability Integral).

    UNIT-IV

    Theory of Errors: Systematic and Random Errors. Propagation of Errors. Normal Law of Errors. Standard and Probable Error.

    UNIT-V

    Fourier Series: Fourier Series. Dirichlet Conditions (Statement only). Kronecker's Method for Computation of Fourier Coefficients. Even and Odd Functions. Orthogonality of Sine and Cosine Functions. Sine and Cosine Series. Applications: Square Wave, Triangular Wave, Output of Full Wave Rectifier and other Simple Functions. Summing of Infinite Series Term-by-Term Differentiation and Integration of a Fourier Series.

    Books:

    • 1. Schaum's Outline of Vector Analysis, 2nd Edn. By Murray Spiegel, Seymour Lipschutz (McGraw-Hill, 2009)
    • 2. Vector Analysis and Cartesian Tensors, 3ed By D. E. Bourne, P C Kendall (Chapman & Hall, 1992)
    • 3. Schaum's Outline of Theory and Problems of Fourier Analysis By Murray R. Spiegel (McGraw-Hill, 1974)
    • 4. Advanced Engineering Mathematics by Erwin Kreyszig (Wiley Eastern Limited,1985)
    04
  • JBPH-502

    Statistical Physics:

    UNIT-I

    Classical Statistics: Entropy and Thermodynamic Probability. Maxwell-Boltzmann Distribution Law. Ensemble Concept. Partition Function. Thermodynamic Functions of Finite Number of Energy Levels. Negative Temperature. Thermodynamic Functions of an Ideal Gas. Classical Entropy Expression, Gibbs Paradox. Law of Equipartition of Energy – Applications to Specific Heat and its Limitations.

    UNIT-II

    Classical Theory of Radiation: Properties of Thermal Radiation. Blackbody Radiation. Pure Temperature Dependence. Kirchhoff's Law. Stefan-Boltzmann Law and Wien's Displacement law. Saha's Ionization Formula.

    UNIT-III

    Quantum Theory of Radiation: Radiation: Stefan-Boltzmann Law: Thermodynamic Proof. Radiation Pressure. Spectral Distribution of Black Body Radiation. Wien's Distribution Law and Displacement Law. Rayleigh-Jean's Law. Ultraviolet Catastrophe. Planck's Quantum Postulates. Planck's Law of Blackbody Radiation : Experimental Verification. Deduction of (1) Wien's Distribution Law, (2) Rayleigh-Jeans Law, (3) Stefan-Boltzmann Law and (4) Wien's Displacement Law from Planck's Law.

    UNIT-IV

    Bose-Einstein Statistics: B-E distribution law. Thermodynamic functions of a Completely Degenerate Bose Gas. Bose-Einstein condensation, properties of liquid He (qualitative description). Radiation as photon gas. Bose's derivation of Planck's law.

    UNIT-V

    Fermi-Dirac Statistics: Fermi-Dirac Distribution Law. Thermodynamic functions of an ideal Completely Degenerate Fermi Gas. Fermi Energy. Electron gas in a Metal. Specific Heat of Metals. White Dwarf Stars. Chandrasekhar Mass Limit.

    Books:

    • 1. Statistical Physics : Berkeley Physics Course Volume 5 by F Reif (Tata McGraw-Hill Company Ltd, 2008)
    • 2. Statistical and Thermal Physics: an introduction by S.Lokanathan and R.S.Gambhir. ( P.H.I., 1991).
    • 3. Statistical Mechanics by R. K. Patharia.(Oxford: Butterworth, 1996).
    • 4. Statistical Mechanics by K. Huang (Wiley, 1987.)
    • 5. Statistical Mechanics by eyringeyringeyring
    04
  • JBPH-503

    Digital Electronics:

    UNIT-I

    Introduction to CRO: Block Diagram of CRO. Electron Gun, Deflection System and Time Base. Deflection Sensitivity. Applications of CRO: (1) Study of Waveform, (2) Measurement of Voltage, Current, Frequency, and Phase Difference.

    UNIT-II

    Analog Circuits: Integrated Circuits (Qualitative Treatment only): Active and Passive components. Discrete Circuit Component. Wafer. Chip. Advantages and Drawbacks of ICs. Scale of integration: SSI, MSI, LSI and VLSI (Basic Idea and Definitions Only). Classification of ICs. Fabrication of Components on Monolithic ICs. Examples of Linear and Digital ICs. Operational Amplifiers (Use Black Box approach): Basic Characteristics of Op-Amps. Characteristics of an Ideal Op-Amp. Feedback in Amplifiers. Open-loop and Closed-loop Gain. Frequency Response. CMRR. Virtual ground.Applications of Op-Amps: (1) Inverting and Non-inverting Amplifiers, (2) Adder, (3) Subtractor, (4) Unity follower, (5) Differentiator, (6) Integrator, (7) Zero Crossing Detector. Timers (Use Black Box approach): 555 Timer and its Applications: Astable and Monostable Multivibrator.

    UNIT-III

    Digital Circuits: Difference Between Analog and Digital Circuits. Binary Numbers. Decimal to Binary and Binary to Decimal Conversion. AND, OR and NOT Gates (Realization using Diodes and Transistor). NAND AND NOR Gates. Exclusive OR and Exclusive NOR Gates. Boolean algebra: De Morgan's Theorems. Boolean Laws. Simplification of Logic Circuit using Boolean Algebra. Fundamental Products. Minterms and Maxterms. Conversion of a Truth Table into an Equivalent Logic Circuit by (1) Sum of Products Method and (2) Karnaugh Map. Data processing circuits: Basic Idea of Multiplexers, De-multiplexers, Decoders, Encoders, Parity Checkers. Memories: Read-only memories (ROM), PROM, EPROM. Arithmetic Circuits: Binary Addition. Binary Subtraction using 2's Complement Method). Half Adders and Full Adders and Subtractors (only up to Eight Bits). Sequential Circuits: RS, D, and JK Flip-Flops. Level Clocked and Edge Triggered Flip-Flops. Preset and Clear Operations. Race-around Conditions in JK Flip-Flops. Master-Slave JK Flip- Flop (As Building Block of Sequential Circuits). Shift registers: Serial-in-Serial-out, Serial-in-Parallel-out, Parallel-in-Serial-out, and Parallel-in-Parallel-out Shift Registers (only upto 4 bits). Counters: Asynchronous and Synchronous Counters. Ring Counters. Decade Counter. D/A and A/D conversion: D/A converter – Resistive network. Accuracy and Resolution.

    Books:

    • 1. Digital principles and applications By Donald P. Leach & Albert Paul Malvino.
    • 2. Digital Fundamentals, by Thomas L. Floyd (Universal Book Stall, India).
    • 3. Digital Electronics by R.P. Jain,
    • 4. Operational Amplifiers and Linear Integrated Circuits, 4th Edition by Robert F Coughlin and Frederick F Driscoll (P.H.I. 1992)
    • 5. Op-Amps and Linear Integrated Circuits by R. A. Gayakwad (Pearson Education Asia)
    02
  • JBPH-504

    Classical Physics:

    UNIT-I

    System of particles, Constraints, Generalized coordinates,D'Alemberts principle and Lagrange'sequation, Velocity dependent potential of electro-magnetic field.

    UNIT-II

    Calculus of Variation, Hamilton's principle, Lagrange's equation, Lagrangian for simple systems,Cyclic coordinates, symmetries and conservation laws. Advantages of Lagrangian: electromechanicalAnalogies

    UNIT-III

    Lagrange's undetermined multipliers, Lagrange's equation for non holonomic systems, Virialtheorem, Principle of mechanical similarity.

    UNIT-IV

    Lagrange's undetermined multipliers, Lagrange's equation for non holonomic systems, Virialtheorem, Principle of mechanical similarity.

    UNIT-V

    Hamilton-Jacobi theory, Action-Angle variables, related problems. Two body central forceproblem, reduction to the equivalent one body problem, Differential equation for the orbit andintegrable power law potentials, Condition for stable circular orbit, Kepler's problems.

    Books:

    • 1. Classical Mechanics: H. Goldstein.
    • 2. Mechanics: L. D. Landau and E. M. Lifshitz
    • 3. Introduction to Classical Mechanics: R. G. Takwale and Puranik.
    • 4. Classical Mechanics of Particles and Rigid Bodies: K. C. Gupta.
    • 5. Introduction to Classical Mechanics: N. C. Rana and P. Joag.
    02
  • JBPH-551

    Digital Electronics Lab:

    Based on theory paper of Digital Electronics.
    02
  • JBPH-552

    General Lab-I
    02
  • Total Credits
     
    18