B.Tech (Electrical & Electronics) Syllabus

Semester VI

  • COURSE CODE
    COURSE NAME
    CREDITS
  • JEEE-601

    Power System Analysis II:

    UNIT-I

    Representation of Power System Components: Synchronous machines, Transformers, Transmission lines, One line diagram, Impedance and reactance diagram, per UNIT- System
    Symmetrical components: Symmetrical Components of unbalanced phasors, power in terms of symmetrical components, sequence impedances and sequence networks.Symmetrical fault analysis: Transient in R-L series circuit, calculation of 3-phase short circuit current and reactance of synchronous machine, internal voltage of loaded machines under transient conditions

    UNIT-II

    Unsymmetrical faults: Analysis of single line to ground fault, line-to-line fault and Double Line to ground fault on an unloaded generators and power system network with and without fault impedance. Formation of Z bus using singular transformation and algorithm, computer method for short circuit calculations.

    UNIT-III

    Load Flows: Introduction, bus classifications, nodal admittance matrix ( BUS Y ), development of load flow equations, load flow solution using Gauss Siedel and Newton-Raphson method, approximation to N-R method, line flow equations and fast decoupled method.

    UNIT-IV

    Power System Stability: Stability and Stability limit, Steady state stability study, derivation of Swing equation, transient stability studies by equal area criterion and step-by-step method. Factors affecting steady state and transient\ stability and methods of improvement.

    UNIT-V

    Traveling Waves: Wave equation for uniform Transmission lines, velocity of propagation, surge impedance, reflection and transmission of traveling waves under different line loadings. Bewlay’s lattice diagram, protection o equipments and line against traveling waves.

    Books:

    • 1. W.D. Stevenson, Jr. “Elements of Power System Analysis”, Mc Graw Hill.
    • 2. C.L. Wadhwa, “Electrical Power System”, New Age International.
    • 3. Chakraborthy, Soni,Gupta & Bhatnagar, “Power System Engineering”, Dhanpat Rai & Co.
    • 4. T.K Nagsarkar & M.S. Sukhija, “Power System Analysis” Oxford Univ. Press.
    • 5. L. P. Singh; “Advanced Power System Analysis & Dynamics”, New Age International
    • 6. Hadi Sadat; “Power System Analysis”, Tata McGraw Hill.
    • 7. D. Das, “Electrical Power Systems” New Age International, 2006.
    • 8. J.D. Glover, M.S. Sharma & T.J.Overbye, “Power System Analysis and Design” Thomson.
    • 9. P.S.R. Murthy “Power System Analysis” B.S. Publications.
    • 10. Stagg and El-Abiad, “Computer Methods in Power System Analysis” Tata Mc Graw Hill
    • 11. Kothari & Nagrath, “Modern Power System Analysis” Tata Mc. Graw Hill.
    04
  • JEEE-602

    Power System Protection and Switchgear:

    UNIT-I

    Introduction to Protection System: Introduction to protection system and its elements, functions of protective relaying, protective zones, primary and backup protection, desirable qualities of protective relaying, basic terminology.
    Relays: Electromagnetic, attracted and induction type relays, thermal relay, gas actuated relay, design considerations of electromagnetic relay.

    UNIT-II

    Relay Application and Characteristics: Amplitude and phase comparators, over current relays, directional relays, distance relays, differential relay.
    Static Relays: Comparison with electromagnetic relay, classification and their description, over current relays, directional relay, distance relays, differential relay.

    UNIT-III

    Protection of Transmission Line: Over current protection, distance protection, pilot wire protection, carrier current protection, protection of bus, auto re-closing.

    UNIT-IV

    Circuit Breaking: Properties of arc, arc extinction theories, re-striking voltage transient, current chopping, resistance switching, capacitive current interruption, short line interruption, circuit breaker ratings.
    Testing Of Circuit Breaker: Classification, testing station and equipments, testing procedure, direct and indirect testing.

    UNIT-V

    Apparatus Protection: Protection of Transformer, generator and motor.
    Circuit Breaker: Operating modes, selection of circuit breakers, constructional features and operation of Bulk Oil, Minimum Oil, Air Blast, SF6, Vacuum and d. c. circuit breakers.

    Books:

    • 1. S. S. Rao, “Switchgear and Protection”, Khanna Publishers.
    • 2. B. Ravindranath and M. Chander, Power system Protection and Switchgear, Iley Eastern Ltd.
    • 3. B. Ram and D. N. Vishwakarma, “Power System Protection and Switchgear”, Tata Mc. Graw Hill
    • 4. Y. G. Paithankar and S R Bhide, “Fundamentals of P S P”, PHI.
    • 5. T.S.M Rao, “Power System Protection: Static Relays with Microprocessor Applications” Tata Macgraw Hill”.
    04
  • JEEE-603

    Power Electronics:

    UNIT-I

    Power semiconductor Devices: Power semiconductor devices their symbols and static characteristics ,Characteristics and specifications of switches, types of power electronic circuits Operation, steady state and switch characteristics & switching limits of Power Transistor Operation and steady state characteristics of Power MOSFET and IGBT Thyristor – Operation V- I characteristics, two transistor model, methods of turn-on Operation of GTO, MCT and TRIAC.

    UNIT-II

    Power Semiconductor Devices (Contd): Protection of devices. Series and parallel operation of thyristors Commutation techniques of thyristor DC-DC Converters: Principles of step-down chopper, step down chopper with R-L load Principle of step-up chopper, and operation with RL load.

    UNIT-III

    Phase Controlled Converters: Single phase half wave controlled rectifier with resistive and inductive loads, effect of freewheeling diode. Single phase fully controlled and half controlled bridge converters. Performance Parameters Three phase half wave converters Three phase fully controlled and half controlled bridge converters, Effect of source impedance Single phase and three phase dual converters.

    UNIT-IV

    AC Voltage Controllers
    Principle of On-Off and phase controls Single phase ac voltage controller with resistive and inductive loads Three phase ac voltage controllers (various configurations and comparison only) Single phase transformer tap changer. Cyclo Converters Basic principle of operation, single phase to single phase, three phase to single phase and three phase to three phase cyclo converters.

    UNIT-V

    Inverters Single phase series resonant inverter Single phase bridge inverters Three phase bridge inverters Voltage control of inverters Harmonics reduction techniques Single phase and three phase current source inverters

    Books:

    • 1. M.H. Rashid,“Power Electronics: Circuits, Devices & Applications”, Prentice Hall of India Ltd. 3rd Edition,2004.
    • 2. M.D. Singh and K.B. Khanchandani, “Power Electronics” Tata MC Graw Hill.
    • 3. V.R. Moorthy, “Power Electronics: Devices, Circuits and Industrial Applications” Oxford University Press, 2007.
    • 4. M.S. Jamil Asghar, “Power Electronics” Prentice Hall of India Ltd., 2004
    • 5. Chakrabarti & Rai, “Fundamentals of Power Electronics & Drives ”Dhanpat Rai & Sons.
    • 6. Ned Mohan, T.M. Undeland and W.P. Robbins, “Power Electronics: Converters, Applications and Design”, Wiley India Ltd, 200.
    • 7. S.N.Singh, “A Text Book of Power Electronics” Dhanpat Rai & Sons
    04
  • JEEE-604

    Introduction to FACTS Devices:

    UNIT-I

    Introduction to FACTS: Electrical Transmission Network: Necessity, Power flow in AC system; Relative importance of controllable parameter; OpportUNIT-ies for FACTS: Possible benefits for FACTS.

    UNIT-II

    Static VAR Compensation: Need for compensation: Shunt & series compensation, Objectives of shunt & series compensation, Configuration & operating characteristics; Thyristor controlled reactor (TCR); Thyristor Switched Capacitor (TSC); Comparison of TCR & TSC.

    UNIT-III

    Series Compensation: Variable impedance type series compensation; Thyristor switched series capacitor (TSSC); Thyristor controlled series capacitor (TCSC); Basic operating control schemes for TSSC & TCSC.

    UNIT-IV

    Static Voltage Phase Angle Regulator: Objectives of voltage & phase angle regulators: approaches to Thyristor, Controlled Voltage & Phase Angle Regulator.

    UNIT-V

    Emerging FACTS Controller: STATCOM; Unified Power Flow Controller (UPFC); Interline Power Flow Controller (IPFC); Basic operating principles of UPFC; Sub-synchronous resonance.

    Books:

    • 1. Narain G. Hingorani & Laszlo Gyugyi, “Understanding FACTS – Concepts & Technology of flexible AC Transmission Systems”, Standard Publishers, New Delhi, 2001.
    • 2. Mohan Mathur, R. & Rajiv K. Varma, “Thyristor Based FACTS Controller for Electrical Transmission Systems”, Wiley Interscience Publications, 2002
    • 3. T.J.E Miller., “Reactive Power Control in Electric System”, John Wiley & Sons, 1997.
    • 4. G.K Dubey, “Thyristorized Power Controller”, New Age international (P) Ltd., New Delhi, 2001.
    • 5. Narain G. Hingorani, “Flexible AC Transmission”, IEEE Spectrum, April 1993, pp 40 – 45.
    • 6. Narain G. Hingorani, “High Power Electronics in Flexible AC Transmission”, IEEE Power Engineering Review, 199.
    04
  • JEEE-161-164

    Departmental Electives I (Power Station Practice/Power Plant Engineering/Object Oriented Programming System/Fundamental of Digital Signal Processing)

    Power Station Practice:

    UNIT-I

    Economics of Generation: Types of loads, demand factor, group diversity factor and peak diversity factor, load curve, load duration curve, load factor, capacity factor and utilization factor, base load and peak load stations, operating and spinning reserves, load forecasting, capital cost of power plants, depreciation, annual fixed and operating charges.

    UNIT-II

    Tariff and Power Factor Improvement: General tariff form and different types of tariffs, Tariff option for DSM. Causes and effect of low power factor, necessity of improvement and use of power factor improvement devices.

    UNIT-III

    Coordinated Operation of Power Plants: Advantages of Coordinated operation of different types of power plants, hydrothermal scheduling: short term and long term. Coordination of various types of power plant.

    UNIT-IV

    Electrical Equipments in Power Plants Governors for hydro and thermal generators, excitation systems; exciters and automatic voltage regulators (AVR), bus bar arrangements.

    UNIT-V

    EHV Substation Layout of EHV substation, brief description of various equipments used in EHV substations, testing and maintenance of EHV substations equipments. Gas insulated substations (GIS).

    Books:

    • 1. B.R. Gupta, Generation of Electrical Energy, (Euresia Publishing House).
    • 2. M.V. Deshpande, Elements of Electrical Power Station Design, (Wheeler Publishing House).
    • 3. S. Rao, Electrical Substation-Engineering and Practice, (Khanna).
    • 4. S.N. Singh, Electric Power Generation, Transmission and Distribution (PHI)

    Power Plant Engineering:

    UNIT-I

    Thermal Stations: Main parts and working of stations-thermodynamic cycles, fuel handling, combustion and combustion equipment, problem of ash disposal, circulating water schemes and supply of makeup, water, choice of pressure of steam generation and steam temperature, selection of appropriate vaccum, economizer, air pre-heater feed water heaters and dust collection. Characteristics of turbo alternators, steam power plant heat balance and efficiency.

    UNIT-II

    Hydro-Electric Plants: Hydrology, stream flow, hydrograph, flow duration curves. Types of hydroelectric plants and their fields of use, capacity calculations for hydropower, Dams, head water control, penstocks, water turbines, specific speeds. Turbine governors.

    UNIT-III

    Hydroplant auxiliaries, plant layout, automatic and remote control of hydroplants, pumped storage projects, cost of hydro-electric project. Cooling of alternators.

    UNIT-IV

    Nuclear Power Plants: Elements of nuclear power plant, nuclear reactor, fuels, moderators, coolants, control. Classification of nuclear power stations. Cost of nuclear power.

    UNIT-V

    Diesel Power Plants: Diesel engine performance and operation. Plant layout. Log sheets, applications selections of engine size.

    Books:

    • 1. Power Plant Energy – B.L. Harzai -B.Tech. Publisher, Lucknow S.R. Singh

    Object Oriented Programming System:

    UNIT-I

    OOP: History, OOP vs. Procedure oriented programming, Abstraction, Encapsulation, Inheritance and Polymorphism.
    Object & Classes: Links and Associations, Generalization, Aggregation, Abstract classes, Meta data.
    State model: Events and States, Operations and Methods, Nested state diagrams, Concurrency, Relation of Object and Dynamic Models.
    Functional Models: Data flow diagrams, Specifying Operations, Constraints, OMT Methodologies, examples and case studies

    UNIT-II

    C++ Basics: Structure of a program, Data types, Declaration of variables, Expressions, Operators, Operator Precedence, Evaluation of expressions, Type conversions, Pointers, Arrays, Pointers and Arrays, Strings, Structures.
    Flow control statement: if, switch, while, for, do, break, continue, go to statements.
    Functions: Scope of variables; Parameter passing; Default arguments; Inline functions; Recursive functions; Pointers to functions.
    Dynamic memory: Allocation and Reallocation operators: new and delete; Preprocessor directives.

    UNIT-III

    C++ Classes and Data Abstraction: Definition, Structure, Objects, Scope, this pointer, Friends to a class, Static class members, Constant member functions, Constructors and Destructors, Data abstraction.
    Polymorphism: Function overloading; Operator overloading; Generic programming: necessity of templates, Function templates and class templates.
    Inheritance: Class hierarchy, Types, Base and Derived classes, Access to the base class members, Destructors, Virtual base class.

    UNIT-IV

    Virtual Functions and Polymorphism: Static and Dynamic bindings; Base and Derived class Virtual function: Definition, Call mechanism, Pure virtual functions; Virtual destructors; Abstract classes; Implications of polymorphic use of classes.

    UNIT-V

    C++ I/O: I/O using C functions; Stream classes hierarchy; Stream I/O; File streams and String streams; Overloading << and >> operators; Error handling during file operations; Formatted I/O.

    Books:

    • 1. James etal Rambaugh , “Object Oriented Design and Modeling”, PHI-1997
    • 2. R. Lafore., “Object Oriented Programming in C+”, Galigotia Pub. Pvt. Ltd.
    • 3. E.Balagurusamy , “Object Oriented Programming with C++”, TMH, 2001
    • 4. S.B. Lippman and J. Lajoie, “C++ Primer”, Pearson Education
    • 5. B, Stroutstrup, “The C++ Programming Language”, Pearson Education.

    Fundamental of Digital Signal Processing:

    UNIT-I

    Discrete-Time Signals And Systems: Sequences, discrete time systems, LTI systems, frequency domain representation of discrete time signals and systems, discrete time signals and frequency domain representation, Fourier Transform.
    Discrete Fourier Transform: Discrete Fourier transforms, properties, linear convolution using DFT, DCT

    UNIT-II

    Sampling of Continuous Time Signals: Sampling and reconstruction of signals, frequency domain representation of sampling, discrete time processing of continuous time signals, continuous time processing of discrete time signals, changing the sampling rate using discrete time processing, multi rate signal processing, digital processing of analog signals, over sampling and noise shaping in A/D and D/A conversion

    UNIT-III

    Transform Analysis of LTI Systems: Frequency response of LTI systems, system functions, frequency response for rational system functions, magnitude-phase relationship, all pass systems, minimum phase systems, and linear systems with generalized linear phase Overview of finite precision numerical effects, effects of coefficient quantization, Effects of round-off noise in digital filters, zero-input limit cycles in fixed point realizations of IIR digital filters.

    UNIT-IV

    Filter Design Techniques: Design of D-T IIR filters from continuous – time filters, design of FIR filters by windowing, Kaiser Window method, optimum approximations of FIR filters, FIR equiripple approximation

    UNIT-V

    Efficient computation of the DFT: Goertzel algorithm, decimation in time and decimation in frequency, FFT algorithm, practical considerations, implementation of the DFT using convolution, effects of finite register length.
    Fourier Analysis of Signals Using DFT: DFT analysis of sinusoidal signals, time-dependent Fourier transforms: Block convolution, Fourier analysis of non – stationary and stationary random signals, spectrum analysis of random signals using estimates of the autocorrelation sequence

    Books:

    • 1. Oppenheim A.V., Schafer, Ronald W. & Buck, John R.,” Discrete Time Signal processing”, Pearson Education, 2nd Edition
    • 2. Proakis, J.G. & Manolakis, D.G.,” Digital Signal Processing: Principles Algorithms and Applications”, Prentice Hall of India.
    • 3. Rabiner, L.R. and Gold B., “Theory and applications of DSP”, PHI.
    • 4. Oppenheim, Alan V. & Willsky, Alan S. , “Signals and Systems” , PHI.
    • 5. Johnson, J. R., “Introduction to Digital Signal Processing”, PHI.
    • 6. De Fatta, D.J.Lucas, J.G. & Hodgkiss, W. S.,” Digital Signal Processing”, John Wiley& Sons
    04
  • JEEE-651

    Power System Lab:

    Note: At least 10 experiments should be performed out of which 3 should be Simulation based.

    • A. Hardware Based:
    • 1. To determine direct axis reactance (xd) and quadrature axis reactance (xq) of a salient pole alternator.
    • 2. To determine negative and zero sequence reactance’s of an alternator.
    • 3. To determine sub transient direct axis reactance (xd) and sub transient quadrature axis reactance (xq) of an alternator
    • 4. To determine fault current for L-G, L-L, L-L-G and L-L-L faults at the terminals of an alternator at very low excitation
    • 5. To study the IDMT over current relay and determine the time current characteristics
    • 6. To study percentage differential relay
    • 7. To study Impedance, MHO and Reactance type distance relays
    • 8. To determine location of fault in a cable using cable fault locator
    • 9. To study ferranty effect and voltage distribution in H.V. long transmission line using transmission line model.
    • 10. To study operation of oil testing set.
    • B. Simulation Based Experiments (using MATLAB or any other software)
    • 11. To determine transmission line performance.
    • 12. To obtain steady state, transient and sub-transient short circuit currents in an alternator
    • 13. To obtain formation of Y-bus and perform load flow analysis
    • 14. To perform symmetrical fault analysis in a power system
    • 15. To perform unsymmetrical fault analysis in a power system
    • 1. Hadi Sadat, “Power System Analysis” Tata Mc. Graw Hill.
    • 2. T. K. Nagsarskar & M.S. Sukhija, Power System Analysis’ Oxford Uni. Press.
    02
  • JEEE-652

    Power Electronics Lab:

    Note: The minimum of 10 experiments is to be performed out of which at least three should be software based.

    • 1. To study V-I characteristics of SCR and measure latching and holding currents.
    • 2. To study UJT trigger circuit for half wave and full wave control.
    • 3. To study single-phase half wave controlled rectified with (i) resistive load (ii) inductive load with and without freewheeling diode.
    • 4. To study single phase (i) Fully Controlled (ii) Half Controlled Bridge Rectifiers with Resistive and Inductive Loads.
    • 5. To study three-phase fully/half controlled bridge rectifier with resistive and inductive loads.
    • 6. To study single-phase ac voltage regulator with resistive and inductive loads.
    • 7. To study single phase cyclo-converter
    • 8. To study triggering of (i) IGBT (ii) MOSFET (iii) power transistor
    • 9. To study operation of IGBT/MOSFET chopper circuit
    • 10. To study MOSFET/IGBT based single-phase series-resonant inverter.
    • 11. To study MOSFET/IGBT based single-phase bridge inverter.

    Software Based Experiments (Pspice/Matlab Multisim)

    • 12. To obtain simulation of SCR and GTO thyristor.
    • 13. To obtain simulation of Power Transistor and IGBT. To obtain simulation of single phase fully controlled bridge rectifier and draw load voltage and load current waveform for inductive load.
    • 14. To obtain simulation of single phase full wave ac voltage controller and draw load voltage and load current waveforms for inductive load.
    • 15. To obtain simulation of step down dc chopper with L-C output filter for inductive load and determine steady-state values of output voltage ripples in output voltage and load current.
    • 1. M.H. Rashid, “Power Electronics: Circuits, Devices and Applications”, PHI.
    • 2. D.W. Hart, “Introduction to power Electronics” prentice hall Inc. 1997.
    • 3. Randal Shaffer, “Fundamentals of Power Electronics with MATLAB” Firewall Media, 2007
    02
  • JEEE-653

    Power System Simulation Lab:

    List of Experiments (Matlab Based Experiments)

    Note: Minimum ten experiments should be performed from the following:

    • 1. To study the various power system simulation commands.
    • 2. To perform load power flow analysis by NR method.
    • 3. To perform load power flow analysis by fast decoupled NR method.
    • 4. To perform load power flow analysis by Gauss elimination method.
    • 5. To study the symmetrical fault analysis.
    • 6. To study the L-L fault analysis.
    • 7. To study the L-G fault analysis.
    • 8. To control the voltage level in a power system by automatic voltage regulator.
    • 9. To control the voltage level in a power system by tape changing transformer.
    • 10. To control the voltage level in a power system by tab changing transformer.
    • 11. To study the load frequency control in single area system.
    • 12. To study the load frequency control in two area system.
    02
  • JEEE-654

    Seminar II
    02
  • JGP-601

    General Proficiency
    02
  • Total Credits
     
    30