B.Tech (Electronics & Communication) Syllabus

Semester VII

  • COURSE CODE
    COURSE NAME
    CREDITS
  • JEEC-701

    Optical Communication:

    UNIT-I

    Overview of optical fiber communication- The general system, advantages of optical fiber communications. Optical fiber wave guides- Introduction, Ray theory transmission, Optical fiber Modes and configuration, Mode theory for circular Waveguides, Step Index fibers, Graded Index fibers. Single mode fibers- Cut off wavelength, Mode Field Diameter, Effective Refractive Index. Fiber Material and its Fabrication Techniques

    UNIT-II

    Signal distortion in optical fibers- Attenuation, Absorption, Scattering and Bending losses, Core and Cladding losses. Information capacity determination, Group delay, Attenuation Measurements Techniques, Types of Dispersion - Material dispersion, Wave-guide dispersion, Polarization mode dispersion, Intermodal dispersion. Pulse broadening. Overall fiber dispersion in Multi mode and Single mode fibers, Fiber dispersion measurement techniques, Non linear effects. Optical fiber Connectors: Joints, Couplers and Isolators.

    UNIT-III

    Optical sources- LEDs, Structures, Materials, Quantum efficiency, Power, Modulation, Power bandwidth product. Laser Diodes- Basic concepts, Classifications, Semiconductor injection Laser: Modes, Threshold conditions, External quantum efficiency, Laser diode rate equations, resonant frequencies, reliability of LED & ILD

    UNIT-IV

    Source to fiber power launching - Output patterns, Power coupling, Power launching, Equilibrium Numerical Aperture, Laser diode to fiber coupling. Optical detectors- Physical principles of PIN and APD, Detector response time, Temperature effect on Avalanche gain, Comparison of Photo detectors. Optical receiver operation- Fundamental receiver operation, Digital signal transmission, error sources, Receiver configuration, Digital receiver performance, Probability of error, Quantum limit, Analog receivers

    UNIT-V

    Link Design: Point to Point Links, Power Penalties, Error control, Multichannel Transmission Techniques, WDM concepts and component overview, OTDR and optical Power meter

    Books:

    • 1. John M. Senior, "Optical Fiber Communications", PEARSON.
    • 2. Gerd Keiser, "Optical Fiber Communications", TMH.
    • 3. Govind P. Agrawal, "Fiber Optic Communication Systems", John Wiley.
    • 4. Joseph C. Plais, "Fiber Optic Communication", Pearson Education.
    04
  • JEEC-702

    Data Communication & Networking:

    UNIT-I

    Introduction to Networks & Data Communications: The Internet, Protocols & Standards, Layered Tasks, OSI Model, TCP / IP, Addressing, Line Coding Review, Transmission Media: Guided and unguided Media Review.

    UNIT-II

    Switching: Datagram Networks, Virtual Circuit Networks, Structure of a switch, Ethernet Physical Layer, Data Link Layer-Error detection and Correction, Data Link Control-Framing, Flow and Error Control Protocols, Noiseless Channel and Noisy Channel Protocol, HDLC, Point-to-Point Protocol.

    UNIT-III

    Multiple Access: RANDOH, CDMA, CSMA/CD, CSMA/CA, Controlled Access, Channelization Wired LANs: IEEE Standards, Standard Ethernet, Fast Ethernet, Gigabit Ethernet, Wireless LAN IEEE 802.11, Bluetooth IEEE 802.16

    UNIT-IV

    Network Layer: Design Issues, Routing Algorithms, Congestion control Algorithms, IPV4 Addresses, Connecting Devices, Virtual LAN IPV6 Addresses, Internet Protocol, Hardware Addressing versus IP Addressing, IP Data Gram.

    UNIT-V

    Transport Layer Protocol: UDP and TCP, ATM ATM, Cryptography, Network Security

    Books:

    • 1. B. A. Forouzan, "Data Communications and Networking", MGH, 4th ed. 2007
    • 2. A. S. Tanenbaum, "Computer Networks", PHI.
    • 3. W. Stallings, "Data and Computer Communication", PHI.
    04
  • JEEC-703

    VLSI Technology:

    UNIT-I

    Introduction To IC Technology: SSI, MSI, LSI, VLSI Integrated Circuits Crystal Growth and Wafer Preparation: Electronic Grade Silicon, Czochralski Crystal Growth, Silicon Shaping, Processing Considerations. Epitaxy: Vapor-Phase Epitaxy, Molecular Beam Epitaxy, Silicon on Insulators, Epitaxial Evaluation.

    UNIT-II

    Oxidation: Growth Kinetics, Thin Oxides, Oxidation Techniques and Systems, Oxides Properties. Lithography: Optical Lithography. Photo masks, Wet Chemical Etching. Dielectric and Polysilicon Film Deposition: Deposition Processes, Polysilicon, Silicon Dioxide, Silicon Nitride.

    UNIT-III

    Diffusion: Diffusion of Impurities in Silicon and Silicon Dioxide, Diffusion Equations, Diffusion Profiles, Diffusion Furnace, Solid, Liquid and Gaseous Sources, Sheet Resistance and its Measurement. Ion-Implantation: Ion-Implantation Technique, Range Theory, Implantation Equipment.

    UNIT-IV

    Metallization: Metallization Application, Metallization Choices, Physical Vapor Deposition, Vacuum Deposition, Sputtering Apparatus. Packaging of VLSI devices: Package Types, Packaging Design Consideration, VLSI Assembly Technologies, Package Fabrication Technologies.

    UNIT-V

    VLSI Process Integration: Fundamental Considerations For IC Processing, NMOS IC Technology, CMOS IC Technology, Bipolar IC Technology, Monolithic and Hybrid Integrated Circuits, IC Fabrication

    Books:

    • 1. S. M. Sze, "VLSI Technology", 2nd Edition, McGraw –Hill Publication.
    • 2. S.K. Ghandhi, "VLSI Fabrication Principles", Willy-India Pvt. Ltd.
    • 3. J. D. Plummer, M. D. Deal and Peter B. Griffin, "Silicon VLSI Technology: Fundamentals, practice and modelling", Pearson Education.
    • 4. Stephen A. Campbell, "Fabrication Engineering at the micro and nano scale", Oxford Univ Press.
    04
  • JEEC-704

    Satellite Communication:

    UNIT-I

    Elements of Satellite Communication. Orbital mechanics, look angle and orbit determination, launches & launch vehicle, orbital effects, Geostationary Orbit.

    UNIT-II

    Satellite subsystems, attitude and orbit control systems, TTC&M, communication subsystem, satellite antenna Satellite link design: basic transmission theory, system noise temperature and G/T ratio, downlink design, uplink design, satellite systems using small earth station, design for specified C/N.

    UNIT-III

    Propagation effects and their impact on satellite-earth links: attenuation and depolarization, atmospheric absorption, rain, cloud and ice effects etc. Introduction of various satellite systems: VSAT, low earth orbit and nongeostationary,

    UNIT-IV

    Direct broadcast satellite television and radio, satellite navigation and the global positioning systems, GPS position location principle, GPS Receivers and Codes, Satellite Signal Acquisition, GPS Navigation Message, GPS Signal Levels, Timing accuracy, GPS Receiver Operation

    UNIT-V

    Global Mobile Satellite Systems, Antenna System for mobile satellite applications, Evolution, Antenna Requirement and Technical Characteristics, Classification of Mobile Satellite Antenna(MSA), Low gain omni directional Antenna, Medium gain Directional Antenna, High gain Directional Aperture Antenna, Wire Quadrifilar Helix Antenna(WQHA) for Hand held Terminals, Antenna Systems for Mobile Satellite Broadcasting.

    Books:

    • 1. B. Pratt, A. Bostian, "Satellite Communications", Wiley India.
    • 2. D. Roddy, "Satellite Communications", TMH, 4th Ed.
    • 3. S. D. Ilcev, "Global Mobile Satellite Communication", Springer
    • 4. R. Pandya, "Mobile and Personal Communication Systems and Services", PHI.
    04
  • JEEC- 071-074

    Departmental Elective III (Information Theory and Coding/Digital Image Processing/Speech Processing/Nanotechnology)

    Information Theory and Coding:

    Information Theory: Concept of Information and Entropy, Shanon's theorems, Channel Capacity Self information, Discrete and Continuous entropy, Mutual and joint information, Redundancy.

    Coding Theory: Source encoding & channel encoding, Error detection & Correction, Various codes for channel coding, Rate Distortion functions.

    Codes used in Information Theory: Linear block codes, systematic linear codes& optimum coding for Binary symmetric channel, The Generator & parity check matrices, Syndrome decoding & Symmetric channels, Hamming codes, Weight enumerator, Perfect codes, BCH codes, Idempotent & Mattson Solomon polynomials, Reed Solomon codes, Justeen codes, MDS codes & generalized BCH codes, Convolution codes & Viterbi decoding algorithm.

    Performance of codes: Performance of linear block codes & convolution codes, code incurable error probability Upper & lower bounds.

    Books:

    • 1. Blahut R.E., Theory and Practice of Error Control Codes, AWL1983.
    • 2. Wilson, Digital Modulation and Coding, Pearson
    • 3. B.P. Lathi, Communication System, Oxford

    Digital Image Processing:

    UNIT-I-II

    Introduction: Fundamental Steps in DIP, Elements of DIP, Simple Image Model, Sampling & Quantization, Basic Relationships Between Pixels, Colour Image Model. Image Transforms: One-dimensional & Two-dimensional DFT, cosine, Sine, Hadamard, Haar, and Slant & KL transforms. Image Enhancement: Introduction, Point Operations, Histogram Modeling, Spatial Operations, Transform Operations.

    UNIT-III

    Image Restoration: Introduction, Image Observation Models, Inverse & Wiener Filtering, Difference Between Enhancement & Restoration Restoration-Spatial Filtering, Noise Reduction In Frequency Domain.

    UNIT-IV

    Image Compression: Introduction, Pixel coding, Predictive Coding, Transform Coding, Inter-frame Coding

    UNIT-V

    Image Segmentation: Introduction, Spatial Feature Extraction, Transforms Features, Edge Detection, Boundary Extraction, Segmentation Techniques.

    Books:

    • 1. Rafael C. Gonzalez Richard E Woods, "Digital Image Processing", Pearson.
    • 2. Anil K Jain, "Fundamentals of Digital Image Processing", PHI.

    Speech Processing:

    UNIT-I

    Digital models for speech signals: Mechanism of speech production & acoustic phonetics, the acoustic theory of speech production, lossless tube models, and digital models for speech signals.

    UNIT-II

    Time Domain methods of speech sampling: Time dependent processing of speech, short time energy and average magnitude, short time average zero crossing rate, discrimination between speech& silence, pitch period estimation using parallel processing, short time autocorrelation function & AMDF, pitch period estimation using autocorrelation function.

    UNIT-III

    Short time Fourier Analysis: Definition and properties, design of filter banks, implementation of filter bank summation method using FFT, spectrographic displays, pitch detection, analysis by synthesis phase, vocoder and channel vocoder.

    UNIT-IV

    Homomorphic speech processing: Homomorphic system for convolution, complex cepstrum of speech, pitch detection using Homomorphic processing, formant estimation, Homomorphic vocoder.

    UNIT-V

    Linear Predictive Coding of Speech: Basic principles of linear predictive analysis, the autocorrelation method, computation of the gain for the model, solution of LPC equations for auto correlation method, prediction error and normalized mean square error, frequency domain interpretation of mean squared prediction error relation of linear predictive analysis to lossless tube models, relation between various speech parameters, synthesis of speech from linear predictive parameters, application of LPC parameters.

    Books:

    • 1. R. L. Rabiner & R.W. Schafer, "Digital Processing of speech signals", Pearson Education.
    • 2. B. Gold and Nelson Morgon, "Speech and audio signal processing", Wiley India Edition.

    Nanotechnology:

    UNIT-I

    Introduction: Difinition of Nano-Science and Nano Technology, Applications of Nano-Technology. Introduction to Physics of Solid State: Structure: Size dependence of properties; crystal structures, face centered cubic nanoparticles; Tetrehedrally bounded semiconductor structures, lattice vibrations. Energy Bands: Insulators, semiconductor and conductors, Reciprocal space; Energy bands and gaps of semiconductors; effective masses, Fermi Surfaces. Localized Particles: Acceptors and deep taps; mobility, Excitons.

    UNIT-II

    Quantum Theory For Nano Science: Time dependent and time independent Schrodinger wave equations. Particle in a box Potential Step: Refelection and tunneling (Quantum leak). Penetration of Barrier, Potential box (Trapped particle in 3D: Nanodot), Electron trapped in 2D plane (Nano sheet), Quantum confinerment effect in nano materials. Quantum Wells, Wires and Dots, Preparation of Quantum Nanostructure, Size and Dimensionality effect, Fermigas, Potential wells, Partial confinement, Excitons, Single electron Tunneling, Infrared Etectors, Quantum dot laser Superconductivity. Properties of Individual Nano particles Metal Nano clusters: Magic Numbers, Theoretical Modelling of Nanopraticles, geometric structure, Electronic structure, Reactivity, Fluctuations Magnetic Clusters, Bulle to Nano structure. Semi conducting Nanoparticles: Optical Properties, Photofragmentation, Coulmbic explosion. Rare Gas & Molecular Clusters: Inert gas clusters, Superfluid clusters molecular clusters.

    UNIT-III

    Growth Techniques of Nanomaterials: Lithograpahic and Nonlithograpahic techniques, Sputtering and film deposition in glow discharge, DC sputtering technique (p-CuAlO2 deposition). Thermal evaporation technique, E-beam evaporation, Chemical Vapour deposition(CVD), Synthesis of carbon nano-fibres and multi-walled carbon nanotubes, Pulsed Laser Deposition, Molecular beam Epitoxy, Sol-Gel Techniuqe (No chemistry required), Synthesis of nanowires/rods, Electrodeposition, Chemical bath deposition, Ion beam deposition system, Vapor-Liquid –Solid (VLS) method of nanowires.

    UNIT-IV

    Methods of Measuring Properties: Structure: Crystallography, particle size determination, surface structure Microscopy: Scanning Prob Microscopy (SPM), Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM), Field Ion Microscopy, Scanning Electron Microscopy, Transmission Elecrtron Microscopy (TEM) Spectroscopy: Infra red and Raman Spectroscopy, X-ray Spectroscopy, Magnetic resonance, Optical and Vibrational Spectroscopy, Luninscence.

    UNIT-V

    Buckey Ball: Nano structuresof carbon(fullerene): Carbon nano-tubes: Fabrication, structure. electrical, mechanical, and vibrational properties and applications. Nano diamond, Boron Nitride Nano-tubes, single elecron transistors, Moelcular machine, Nano-Biometrics, Nano Robots.

    Books:

    • 1. C.P.Poole Jr F.J. Owens, "Introduction to Nanotechnology". (5)
    • 2. "Introduction to S.S. Physics" - (7th Edn.) Wiley 1996.
    • 3. S. Sugano & H. Koizuoni, "Microcluster Physics" – Springor 1998
    • 4. "Handboole of Nanostructured Materials & Nanotechnology" Vol.-5. Academic Press.
    04
  • JEEC-751

    Microwave & Optical Fibre Lab:

    Minimum Ten Experiments to be conducted:

    Part – A (Any 6 Experiments):

    • 1. Study of Reflex Klystron Characteristics.
    • 2. Measurement of guide wavelength and frequency of the signal in a rectangular Waveguide using slotted line carriage in a Micro wave Bench.
    • 3. Measurement of impedance of an unknown load connected at the output end of the slotted line carriage in a Micro wave Bench
    • 4. Determine the S-parameter of any three ports Tee.
    • 5. Determine the S-parameter of a Magic Tee.
    • 6. Study various parameters of Isolator.
    • 7. Measurement of attenuation of a attenuator and isolation, insertion loss, cross coupling of a circulator.
    • 8. Determine coupling coefficient, Insertion loss, Directivity and Isolation coefficient of Anty Multi-Hole directional coupler.
    • 9. To study working of MIC Components like Micro strip Line, Filter, Directional Coupler, Wilkinson Power Divider, Ring resonator & coupler, antennas & amplifies.
    • 10. Study of waveguide horn and its radiation pattern and determination of the beam width.
    • 11. Study radiation pattern of any two types of linear antenna.

    Part – B (Any 4 Experiments):

    • 1. To setting up fiber optic analog link.
    • 2. Study and measurement of losses in optical fiber.
    • 3. Study and measurement of numerical aperture of optical fiber.
    • 4. Study and perform time division multiplexing (digital).
    • 5. Study of framing in time division multiplexing.
    • 6. Study of Manchester coding and decoding.
    • 7. Study of voice coding and codec chip.
    • 8. Study and measure characteristics of fiber optic LED's and photo detector.
    02
  • JEEC-752

    Electronic Circuit Design Lab:

    Objective: In this practical course students will carry out a design oriented project work using various analog/digital building blocks which they have already studied in their analog electronic/digital electronic courses such as Electronic circuits, integrated circuits and filter design

    The project may include but not restricted to any of the following:

    • 1. Universal op-amp based biquad
    • 2. Universal OTA biquad
    • 3. Amplitude control or stabilization applied to any sinusoidal oscillators
    • 4. Op-amp/OTA based function generator
    • 5. Any application of log/antilog circuits
    • 6. Any applications of analog multiplier/ divider
    • 7. Any digital system design and its hardware implementation using TTL/ CMOS ICs
    • 8. Any circuit idea (not studied in the course) using 555 Timer in conjunction with any other ICs The above must include
    • 1. Design the circuit.
    • 2. Make a Hardware and measure various parameters.
    • 3. Simulation in Spice of the designed circuit.
    • 4. Comparison of measured and simulated results.
    • 5. A report is to be made for evaluation.
    02
  • JEEC-753

    Industrial Training Viva Voce

    02
  • JEEC-754

    Project

    02
  • JGP-701

    General Proficiency
    02
  • Total Credits
     
    60