Bachelor of Pharmacy Syllabus

Semester VII

  • COURSE CODE
    COURSE NAME
    CREDITS
  • JBP-701

    Pharmaceutical Chemistry -VII (Medicinal Chemistry – II):

    Synthetic procedures of selected drugs, mode of action, uses, structure activity relationship including Physico-Chemical properties of the following classes of drugs

    UNIT-I

    Steroids and related drugs: Steroidal nomenclature and stereochemistry, androgens and anabolic agents, estrogens, and progestational agents, adrenocorticoids.

    UNIT-II

    Drugs acting on the Central Nervous System:General Anesthetics, Local Anesthetics, Hypnotics and Sedatives, Opioid analgesics, antitussives, anti convulsants, Antiparkinsonism drugs, CNS stimulants, Psychopharmacological agents (neuroleptics, antidepressants, anxiolytics).

    UNIT-III

    Diuretics

    UNIT-IV

    Cardiovascular drugs,

    UNIT-V

    Anticoagulant and Antiplatelet drugs. Biochemical approaches in drug designing wherever applicable should be discussed.

    Books:

    • 1. Mann P.G. & Saunders B.C., Practical Organic Chemistry, ELBS/Longman, London.
    • 2. Furniss B.A., Hannaford A.J., Smith P.W.G. and Tatehell A.R., Vogel's Textbook of PracticalOrganic Chemistry, The ELBS/ Longman, London.
    • 3. Pharmacopoeia of India, Minsitry of Health, Govt. of India.
    • 4. Wolff, Burger's Medicinal Chemistry, John Wiley & Sons, New York.
    • 5. Nogrady T., Medicinal Chemistry – A Biochemical Approach, Oxford University Press, NewYork
    • 6. Foye W.C., Principles of Medicinal Chemistry, Lea &Febiger, Philadelphia.
    • 7. Singh Harkrishan and Kapoor V.K., Organic Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Vallabh Prakashan,Delhi
    04
  • JBP-702

    Pharmaceutics-VIII (Biopharmaceutics& Pharmacokinetics):

    UNIT-I

    Introduction to Biopharmaceutics and Pharmacokinetics and their role in formulation development and clinical setting.

    UNIT-II

    Biopharmaceutics Passage of drugs across biological barrier (passive diffusion, active transport, facilitated diffusion and pinocytosis). Factors influencing absorption - Physicochemical, physiological and pharmaceutical. Drug distribution in the body, plasma protein binding.

    UNIT-III

    Phamacokinetics : Significance of plasma drug concentration measurement, Compartment model-Definition and Scope, Pharmacokinetics of drug absorption - Zero order and first order absorption rate constant using Wagner - Nelson and Loo- Reigelman method, Volume of distribution and distribution coefficient, Compartment kinetics - One compartment and two compartment models, Determination of pharmacokinetic parameters from plasma and urine data after drug administration by intravascular and oral route, Curve fitting (method of Residuals), regression procedures, Clearance concept, Mechanism of renal clearance, clearance ratio, determination of renal clearance, Extraction ratio, hepatic clearance, biliary excretion, Extrahepatic circulation, Non-linear pharmacokinetics with special reference to one compartment model after I.V. drug administration, MichaelesMenten Equation, detection of non-linearity (Saturation mechanism).

    UNIT-IV

    Clinical Pharmacokinetics:Definition and scope, Dosage adjustment in patients with and without renal and hepatic failure, Design of single dose bio-equivalence study and relevant statistics, Pharmacokinetic drug interactions and their significance in combination therapy.

    UNIT-V

    Bioavailability and bioequivalence: Measures of bioavailability, Cmax, t max, and Area Under the Curve (AUe), Design of single dose bioequivalence study and relevant statistics, Review of regulatory requirements for conduction of bioequivalent studies.

    Books:

    • 1. Notari, R.E., Biopharmaceutics and Pharmacokinetics – An introduction, Marcel Dekker Inc.N.Y.
    • 2. Rowland M., &Tozer T.N., Clinical Pharmacokinetics, Lea and Febriger, N.Y.
    • 3. Wagner J.G., Fundamentals of Clinical Pharmacokinetics, Drugs Intelligence publishers, Hamilton.
    • 4. Wagner J.G., Pharmacokinetics for the Pharmaceutical Scientist, Technomic Publishing A.G.Basel, Switzerland.
    04
  • JBP-703

    Pharmacology –III:

    UNIT-I

    Drugs Acting on the Gastrointestinal Tract:

    • a. Antacids, Anti Secretory and Anti-ulcer drugs.
    • b. Laxatives and anti diarrhoeal drugs.
    • c. Appetite Stimulants and Suppressants.
    • d. Emetics and anti-emetics.
    • e. Miscellaneous-Carminatives, demulcents, protectives, adsorbents, astringents, digestants, enzymes and mucolytics.

    UNIT-II

    Pharmacology of Endocrine System:

    • a. Hypothalamic and pituitary hormones
    • b. Thyroid hormones and antithyroid drugs, parathormone, calcitonin and Vitamin D.
    • c. Insulin, oral hypoglycaemic agents & glucagon.
    • d. ACTH and corticosteroids.
    • e. Androgens and anabolic steroids.
    • f. Estrogens, progesterone and oral contraceptives.
    • g. Drugs acting on the uterus.

    UNIT-III

    Chemotherapy:

    • a. General Principles of Chemotherapy.
    • b. Sulfonamides and cotrimoxazole.
    • c. Antibiotics-Penicillins, Cephalosporins, Chloramphenicol Erythromycin, Quinolones and Miscellaneous Antibiotics.
    • d. Chemotherapy of tuberculosis, leprosy, fungal diseases, viral diseases, urinary tract infections and sexually transmitted diseases.
    • e. Chemotherapy of malignancy and Immunosuppressive Agents.

    UNIT-IV

    Principles of Toxicology :

    • a. Definition of poison, general principles of treatment of poisoning with particular reference to barbiturates, opioids, organophosphorous and atropine poisoning.
    • b. Heavy metals and heavy metal antagonists.

    Books:

    • 1. Goodman & Gilman, The Pharmacological basis of Therapeutics, Pergamon Press.
    • 2. Katzung, B.G., Basic & Clinical Pharmacology, Prentice Hall, International.
    • 3. Rang M.P., Dale M.M., Riter J.M., Pharmacology, Churchill Livingstone.
    • 4. Barar F.S.K., Text Book of Pharmacology, Interprint, New Delhi.
    • 5. Laurene, D.R. & Bennet P.N., Clinical Pharmacology, Churchill Livingstone.
    • 6. Tripathi, K.D., Essentials of Medical Pharmacology, Jay Pee Publishers, N. Delhi.
    • 7. Satoskar& Bhandarkar, Pharmacology &Pharmacotherapeutics, Popular Prakashan Pvt. Ltd., Bombay.
    • 8. Kulkarni S.K., Hand Book of Experimental Pharmacology, Vallabh Prak., Delhi.
    04
  • JBP-704

    Pharmaceutical Biotechnology:

    UNIT-I

    Immunology and Immunological Preparations: Principles, antigens and haptens, immune system, cellular humoral immunity, immunological tolerance, antigen-antibody reactions and their applications. Hypersensitivity, Active and passive immunization; Vaccines- their preparation, standardization and storage.

    UNIT-II

    Genetic Recombination: Transformation, conjugation, transduction, protoplast fusion and gene cloning and their applications. Development of hybrid oma for monoclonal antibodies. Study of drugs produced by biotechnology such as Activase, Humulin, Humatrope, HB etc.

    UNIT-III

    Antibiotics: Historical development of antibiotics. Antimicrobial spectrum and methods used for their standardization. Screening of soil for organisms producing antibiotics, fermenter, its design, control of different parameters. Isolation of mutants, factors influencing rate of mutation. Design of fermentation process. Isolation of fermentation products with special reference to penicillins, streptomycinstetracyclines and vitamin B12•

    UNIT-IV

    Microbial Transformation: Introduction, types of reactions mediated by microorganisms, design of biotransformation processes, selection of organisms, biotransformation process and its improvements with special reference to steroids.

    UNIT-V

    Enzyme Immobilization: Techniqes of immobilization, factors affecting enzyme kinetics. Study of enzymes such as hyaluronidase, penicillinase, streptokinase and streptodornase, amylases and proteases etc. Immobilization of bacteria and plant cells.

    Books:

    • 1. Vyas S.P. & V.K. Dixit, Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, CBS Publication, N. Delhi.
    • 2. Prescott & Dunn's, Industrial Microbiology, 4th Ed, 1987, CBS Publishers and Distributors,Delhi.
    • 3. Stanbury P.F. & A. Ahhitar, Principles of Fermentation Technology.
    • 4. Kieslich K. Ed., Biotechnology, Vol. 69 VerlegChernie Switzerland 1984.
    • 5. Standury P.F. & Whitaker A. & Hall S.J., Principles of Fermentation, Aditya Book Private Limited, NewDelhi.
    04
  • JBP-705

    Pharmaceutical Industrial Management:

    UNIT-I

    Concept of Management:Administrative Management (Planning, Organizing Staffing Directing and Controlling). Entrepreneurship development, Operative Management, Principles of Management, Identification of key points to give maximum thrust for development and perfection.

    UNIT-II

    Economics:Principles of economics with special reference to the Laws of demand and supply, demand curves labour welfare, general principles of insurance and inland and foreign trade, procedure of exporting and importing goods. Accountancy: Principles of Accountancy, Ledger posting and book entries preparation of trial balance, columns of a cash book, Bank reconciliation statement, rectification of errors, profits and loss account, balance sheet, purchase, book keeping and pricing of stocks.

    UNIT-III

    Pharmaceutical Marketing:Functions, buying, selling, transportation, channels of distribution, wholesale, retail, department store. Salesmanship:Principle of sales promotion, Advertising, Ethics of sales, Merchandising, Literature, Detailing, Recruitment, Training, Evaluation, Compensation to the pharmacist.

    UNIT-IV

    Market Research: Measuring & Forecasting Market Demand -Major concept in demand measurement, estimating current demand Geo-demo-graphic analysis. Market segmentation & Market targeting.

    UNIT-V

    Materials Management:A brief exposure of basic principles of management major areas, scope, purchase, stores, inventory control and evaluation of materials management. Production Management:A brief exposure of the different aspects of Production Management Visible and Invisible inputs, Methodology of Activities Performance Evaluation Technique Process Flow, Process Know-how, Maintenance Management.

    Books:

    • 1. Beri, Market Research – Tata McGraw Hill
    • 2. Chary S.N., Production and Operative Management, Tata McGraw Hill.
    • 3. Massie L. Joseph, Essentials of Management, PHI.
    • 4. Barthwal R.R., Industrial Economics, New Age International.
    • 5. Shreenivasan K.R., An Introduction to Industrial Management, Vikas.
    • 6. DaverRustam S., Salesmanship and Publicity, Vikas.
    04
  • JBP-706

    Elective-I
    02
  • JBP-751

    Pharmaceutical Chemistry-VII (Medicinal Chemistry-II (P)

    • 1. Spectral analysis of the drugs synthesized.
    • 2. Synthesis of selected drugs from the course content involving two or more steps and their spectral analysis.
    • 3. Establishing the Pharmacopoeial standards of the drugs synthesized.
    02
  • JBP-752

    Pharmaceutics-VIII (Biopharmaceutics& Pharmacokinetics) (P)

    • 1. Experiments designed for the estimation of various pharmacokinetic parameters with given data.
    • 2. Analysis of biological specifications for drug content and estimation of the pharmacokinetic parameters.
    • 3. In vitro evaluation of different dosage forms for drug release.
    • 4. Absorption studies - in- vitro and in -situ.
    • 5. Statistical treatment of pharmaceutical data.
    02
  • JBP-753

    Pharmacology –III (P)

    • 1. Experiments on Isolated Preparations
      • (a) To calculate the pA2 value of atropine using acetylcholine as an agonist on rat ileum preparation.
      • (b) To calculate the pA2 value of mepyramine or chlorpheniramine using histamine as agonist on guinea pig ileum.
      • (c) To estimate the strength of the test sample of agonist/drug (e.g. Acetylcholine, Histamine, 5 -HT, Oxytocin, etc) using a suitable isolated muscle preparation employing Matching bioassay, Bracketing assay, Three point assay and Four point bioassay.
      • 2. Pharmacology of the Gastrointestinal Tract: To study the Anti- secretary and anti-ulcer activity using pylorus
    02
  • TR-2

    Pharmacology –III (P)

    • Industrial/Medical tour
    02
  • Total Credits
     
    30